$date -> displays both date and time
It has many format specifiers
| syntax | Description |
|---|---|
| d | The day of the month |
| y | The last two digits of the year |
| H,M and S | The hour,minute and second respectively |
| D | The date in the format mm/dd/yy |
| T | The time in format hh:mm:ss |
$cal -> displays the calender of the year
$who -> displays all the users of the computer
$ps -> to view all the processes that are going on
$wc command_name -> counts the number of characters
$type command_name -> tells whether a particular command is internal or external command
$echo -> displays message on the console
$uname -> tells certain features of Operating System running on the machine
$tty -> displays device name on your terminal
$pwd -> displays the present working directory
$ls -> lists all the files and directories
Options to ls
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| -x | Multicolumnar Output |
| -F | Marks executable with *, directories with / and symbolic links with @ |
| -a | Shows all filenames beginning with a dot including . and .. |
| -R | Recursive list |
| -r | Sorts filenames in reverse order |
| -l | Long listing in ASCII collating sequence showing seven attributes of a file |
| -d dirname | Lists only dirname if dirname is a directory |
| - t | Sorts filenames by last modification time |
| -lt | Sorts listing by last modification time |
| -u | Sorts filenames by last access time |
| -lu | Sorts by ASCII collating sequence but listing shows last access time |
| -lut | Sorts by last access time |
| -i | Displays inode number |
$mkdir directory_name -> make a new directory
$rmdir directory_name -> removes that particular directory
$cd -> helps to switch between different directories
$cat -> displays contents of the file
$cp file1 file2 -> copies the contents of file1 to file2
$rm file1 -> deletes the files
$mv file1 file2 -> renames file1 to file2